How to Say “Should” and “Should Have” in Italian

How do you say “I should” in Italian? With the conditional of dovere: dovrei. And “I should have done it”? With avrei dovuto (or sarei dovuto/a). Here’s how both work, with plenty of examples.

In short

  • Should = dovrei, dovresti, dovrebbe… + infinitive: Dovresti riposare.
  • Shouldn’t = non + dovrei…: Non dovresti fumare.
  • Should have = avrei dovuto + infinitive, or sarei dovuto/a with verbs that take essere: Avrei dovuto studiare. Sarei dovuta partire.
  • Dovrebbe can also mean “it’s supposed to”: Il treno dovrebbe arrivare alle 5.

How to say “should” in Italian

Use the present conditional of dovere, followed by an infinitive:

Dovere (conditional)English
iodovreiI should
tudovrestiyou should
lui / lei / Leidovrebbehe / she / you (formal) should
noidovremmowe should
voidovresteyou (plural) should
lorodovrebberothey should
Should in Italian: the conditional of dovere
ItalianEnglish
Dovrei mangiare più verdura.I should eat more vegetables.
Dovresti dormire di più.You should sleep more.
Dovrebbe chiamare sua madre.She should call her mom.
Dovremmo partire presto.We should leave early.

Should not: non dovrei

To say “shouldn’t,” just put non before the verb:

ItalianEnglish
Non dovrei mangiare così tanto.I shouldn’t eat so much.
Non dovresti fumare.You shouldn’t smoke.
Non dovreste arrivare tardi.You (plural) shouldn’t be late.
Non dovremmo spendere così tanto.We shouldn’t spend so much.

Dovrebbe: “it’s supposed to”

Like in English, dovrebbe can also express an expectation or a probability, not advice:

ItalianEnglish
Il treno dovrebbe arrivare alle cinque.The train should arrive at five.
Dovrebbe essere una bella giornata.It should be a nice day.
Marco dovrebbe essere a casa.Marco should be at home (I think he is).

How to say “I should have” in Italian

For regret or an obligation you didn’t meet in the past, use the past conditional of dovere + infinitive. The auxiliary depends on the verb that follows:

If the next verb takes…UseExampleEnglish
avereavrei dovuto + infinitiveAvrei dovuto studiare.I should have studied.
esseresarei dovuto/a + infinitiveSarei dovuta partire prima.I should have left earlier.
Should have in Italian

With essere, dovuto agrees with the subject: sarei dovuto (masculine), sarei dovuta (feminine), saremmo dovuti / dovute (plural).

ItalianEnglish
Avresti dovuto dirmelo!You should have told me!
Avremmo dovuto prenotare.We should have booked.
Sarei dovuto andare alla festa.I should have gone to the party.
Non avrei dovuto dirlo.I shouldn’t have said it.

Good to know: in everyday speech you’ll also hear avrei dovuto andare, even with essere verbs. It’s widely accepted.

Other ways to give advice

ExpressionEnglishExample
faresti meglio ayou’d betterFaresti meglio a partire presto.
sarebbe meglioit would be betterSarebbe meglio prenotare.
ti consiglio diI recommend youTi consiglio di visitare Matera.
al tuo posto…if I were you…Al tuo posto, accetterei.

Exercise: dovrei or avrei dovuto?

  1. Sei stanca, ______ riposare. (tu)
  2. Ieri ______ chiamarti, scusa! (io)
  3. Non ______ mangiare tanti dolci. (noi)
  4. Il film ______ cominciare alle nove.
  5. Luca ______ arrivare prima, è in ritardo. (essere)
Show the answers
  1. dovresti
  2. avrei dovuto
  3. dovremmo
  4. dovrebbe
  5. sarebbe dovuto

Frequently asked questions

How do you say “should” in Italian?

Use the conditional of dovere + infinitive: dovrei (I should), dovresti (you should), dovrebbe (he/she should). Dovresti riposare = you should rest.

How do you say “I should have” in Italian?

Avrei dovuto + infinitive (avrei dovuto studiare), or sarei dovuto/a + infinitive with verbs that take essere (sarei dovuta partire).

What is the difference between devo and dovrei?

Devo means “I have to, I must” (an obligation). Dovrei means “I should” (advice or a softer obligation).

How do you say “you should have told me” in Italian?

Avresti dovuto dirmelo!

Practice with my stories

My characters are always telling each other what they should (or shouldn’t) have done! Here are three stories to hear dovrei and avrei dovuto in context:

Viaggio in Sicilia, Italian graded reader A2/B1

Viaggio in Sicilia
Level A2/B1

A Milan start-up team, a week in Taormina and a lot of surprises.

Gioielli, Caffè e Firenze, Italian graded reader B1+

Gioielli, Caffè e Firenze
Level B1+

Marie moves to Florence, where jewelry making leads to a new life.

7 Romance Short Stories in Italian, Italian graded reader B1/B2

7 Romance Short Stories in Italian
Level B1/B2

Seven stories about love and everyday life, full of natural conversations.

Read more: Italian present conditional · Italian past conditional · dovere, servire, avere bisogno

Italian Teacher and Author Serena capilli

Ciao! I’m Serena Capilli, the author behind ItalianPills and a certified Italian teacher. Originally from Sicily and based in Rome, I create Italian graded readers, Piazzetta Italiana magazine, and a slow Italian podcast for adult learners.

My stories grew out of my lessons with English-speaking students: short, accessible texts with useful expressions, cultural insights, exercises, and audio to help you read, listen, and find more to say in Italian.

Explore my books · More about me

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